JOURNAL OF LIAONING TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
(NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION)
LIAONING GONGCHENG JISHU DAXUE XUEBAO (ZIRAN KEXUE BAN)
辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）
A SCOPING REVIEW OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS INFECTIONS AND ITS TREATMENT WITH HERBAL EXTRACT
Abdul Kabir*, Asghar Ali Kamboh, Shafiq ur Rahman Shah, Muhammad Uzair, Naveed Khan, Irfan Haider, Mujadded Abdulla, Memoona khalid, Salman khan, Sheikh Najaf Abbas, Firdus ali Ammir
Abstract
FMD is a viral disease that affects animals with split hooves and causes fever and blisters. It is very infectious and can spread through contact, fluids, or air. It can harm the livestock industry and food security by reducing animal productivity, value, and trade. It can be prevented by vaccination, biosecurity, and outbreak control. There is no specific treatment, but supportive care can help animals recover. It is caused by the FMD virus, which has seven main serotypes. The virus that causes FMD has seven different types that do not protect against each other. This makes vaccination difficult, as animals need to be immunized against the specific type they are exposed to. The virus can also spread easily by breathing or touching infected fluids or wastes. Ethnoveterinary practices have been using medicinal herbs to treat and prevent FMD for centuries, as part of the traditional knowledge of indigenous communities. Recently, scientific research has been conducted to document and validate the efficacy and safety of these herbal remedies. This review paper provides an overview of the ethnoveterinary literature on the use of medicinal herbs against FMD. The paper focuses on publications that report the use of medicinal plants in traditional veterinary practices against FMD. The paper highlights the use of various medicinal plants, such as Azadirachta indica, Allium sativum, Alhagi maurorum, Moringa oleifera, Withania somnifera, and Curcuma longa (turmeric), and their mechanisms of action against FMD. The paper concludes that the application of medicinal herbs for the treatment and prevention of FMD is an important aspect of traditional veterinary practices. The scientific validation of these practices can contribute to the development of affordable and accessible treatment options for livestock farmers in developing countries, where FMD is prevalent.
Keywords: Herbal treatment; ruminants; medicinal plants; FMD.