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ROLE OF CONTRAST ENHANCED MRI IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF LOW GRADE AND HIGH GRADE GLIOMA AND REQUISITE FOR DIFFUSION STUDY

Dr Naila Iftikhar, Izat Ijaz, Aqsa Ali, Ajwa Saeed, Ahmad Hassan, Rafia Imtiaz

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Introduction:

Gliomas are tumors that develop when glial cells proliferate uncontrollably. Although they can develop in the spinal cord, gliomas often develop in the brain. About 27% of primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) and 80% of cancerous tumors are gliomas. Gliomas can be classified into 2 groups which are Low Grade and High Grade Glioma. For the detection and characterization of gliomas in the past, computed tomography (CT) scans and traditional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques were employed. Contrast enhanced MRI is the gold standard diagnostic tool for diagnosis of Glioma.

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic role of MRI in patients with low-grade and high-grade gliomas and the Diffusion study in patients whom require it.

Materials and Method: It was a descriptive study. The duration of our study was 4 months from April 2023 – July 2023.Our study included all the patients that were referred by doctors for MRI scan. It included patients of both genders male and female presented with different symptoms of brain Glioma. The sample size was 25. On a 1.5T MRI system (GE Healthcare) with a head coil (GE Medical Systems), all 25 patients underwent multisequence imaging protocol.

Results: The majority of the patients in our study were female n = 14 (56%), while n = 11 (44%) were male.  Out of 25 LGG were present in 15 while in 10 HGG glioma were present. In our study different age groups were present but mostly we found glioma in age group of 60-70. HGG glioma was mostly present in male and LGG was in females.

Conclusion: High sensitivity and specificity contrast enhanced MRI plays a crucial role in the initial diagnosis and grading of gliomas.