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EVALUATION OF VARIOUS WHEAT GENOTYPES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF DISTRICT NOWSHERA

Yahya Aziz, Haroon Ahmad, Hamza Gul, Noman Anjum, Abdul Haleem, Muhammad Ilyas, Mohsin Ahmad, Aman Ullah, Zain Ullah, Asif Ur Rehman

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Abstract

In the district Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, an experiment was conducted during the 2019-2020 period to assess twenty wheat genotypes based on morphological traits. The study employed a randomized complete block design under normal growing conditions. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were observed among the genotypes for days to heading, thousand grain weight, plant height, grain yield, spike length, spikelets per spike, biological yield, and harvest index. Days to heading ranged from 108.66 to 114.66 days, while plant height varied between 84.01 and 100.66 cm. Spike length ranged from 8.42 to 10.62 cm, and spikelets per spike ranged from 15.92 to 20.42. The 1000-grain weight varied from 58.29 to 70.79 g, biological yield from 4333.32 to 8666.66 kg ha?¹, grain yield from 2043.01 to 3713.32 kg ha?¹, and harvest index from 18.63 to 29.29%. The genotype CT-13052 exhibited the earliest heading at 108.66 days, while DN-120 showed the shortest plant height at 84.01 cm. Genotype DN-122 displayed the longest spike length at 10.62 cm, and Pakhtunkhwa-2015 had the highest spikelets per spike at 20.42. The genotype AUP-07014 recorded the highest 1000-grain weight at 70.79 g, and PS-35 achieved the maximum grain yield of 3713.32 kg ha?¹, followed by CDRI-SA-12, CT-13052, PS-28, and DN-120. This study plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and providing resistant genotypes for future breeding programs. The genotypes AUP-07014, PS-35, CT-13052, and Pirsabak-13 were recommended for their superior performance in yield and related attributes. They hold promise for future breeding initiatives aimed at enhancing grain production in bread wheat.

Keywords: Grain yield, Heritability, Morphological characters Wheat