JOURNAL OF LIAONING TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

EFFECT OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY ON KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-EFFICACY IN ANTI-RETROVIRAL DRUG ADHERENCE AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

IMOLUAMEN, Grace Titilayo, Prof. SAMSON-AKPAN, Patience, BANKOLE, Adelola Mojisola, OYINLOYE, Mojirade Adeola, AFOLABI, Folasade Mutiat, OLUWASANMI, Gladys Obiageli, BANKOLE, Titilade Oyenike, ADEGOKE, Rachael Adebisi

Abstract

Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) remains a critical challenge for people living with HIV/AIDS, with self-efficacy playing a crucial role in treatment success. This study examined the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) on knowledge and self-efficacy in ART adherence among HIV-positive individuals in Lagos State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed participants' knowledge levels before and after the intervention and determined the effect of CBT on self-efficacy in ART adherence. A pre-test, post-test, quasi-experimental design was employed, involving an experimental and control group. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 200 participants from selected primary health centres, with data collected using validated instruments, including the General Medication Adherence Scale and the Generalized Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Findings revealed that participants initially had below-average knowledge of ART adherence. However, post-intervention results demonstrated a significant increase in adherence knowledge and self-efficacy among the experimental group compared to the control group. The study confirmed the effectiveness of CBT in improving ART adherence knowledge and self-efficacy, highlighting the need for targeted behavioural interventions. It is recommended that CBT be integrated into routine HIV care, continuous educational programs be established, and structured adherence support systems be implemented to enhance adherence behaviours among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Keywords: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Anti-Retroviral Therapy Adherence, Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, HIV/AIDS Management